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Qi Jiguang (November 12, 1528 – January 17, 1588), courtesy name Yuanjing, art names Nantang and Mengzhu, posthumous name Wuyi, was a Chinese military general of the Ming dynasty.<br/><br/> He is best known for leading Ming forces to defend China's east coastal regions from raids by the wokou (Japanese: wako) in the 16th century and is widely regarded as a national hero in Chinese culture.
Wokou (Japanese: Wakō; Korean: Waegu), which literally translates to 'Japanese pirates' or 'dwarf pirates', were pirates who raided the coastlines of China, Japan and Korea. Wokou came from a mixture of ethnicities.<br/><br/> The term wokou is a combination of Wo, referring to either dwarfs or the Japanese, and kou, 'bandit', making the generic term 'dwarf bandits'.
In the waning years of the Yuan dynasty (1279-1368), <i>wokou</i> (Japanese pirates) raided the coastal provinces of eastern China with increasing regularity. Despite suffering defeat in Shandong in 1363, raiding parties continued, pushing even farther south along the coast to Fujian Province.<br/><br/> The scroll in its entirety shows a party of Japanese pirates landing in a coastal community, scouting and raiding local residences, the flight of refugees, and the response of Ming troops who defend the area in a pitched battle on the water.
In the waning years of the Yuan dynasty (1279-1368), <i>wokou</i> (Japanese pirates) raided the coastal provinces of eastern China with increasing regularity. Despite suffering defeat in Shandong in 1363, raiding parties continued, pushing even farther south along the coast to Fujian Province.<br/><br/> The scroll in its entirety shows a party of Japanese pirates landing in a coastal community, scouting and raiding local residences, the flight of refugees, and the response of Ming troops who defend the area in a pitched battle on the water.
In the waning years of the Yuan dynasty (1279-1368), <i>wokou</i> (Japanese pirates) raided the coastal provinces of eastern China with increasing regularity. Despite suffering defeat in Shandong in 1363, raiding parties continued, pushing even farther south along the coast to Fujian Province.<br/><br/> The scroll in its entirety shows a party of Japanese pirates landing in a coastal community, scouting and raiding local residences, the flight of refugees, and the response of Ming troops who defend the area in a pitched battle on the water.
In the waning years of the Yuan dynasty (1279-1368), <i>wokou</i> (Japanese pirates) raided the coastal provinces of eastern China with increasing regularity. Despite suffering defeat in Shandong in 1363, raiding parties continued, pushing even farther south along the coast to Fujian Province.<br/><br/> The scroll in its entirety shows a party of Japanese pirates landing in a coastal community, scouting and raiding local residences, the flight of refugees, and the response of Ming troops who defend the area in a pitched battle on the water.
In the waning years of the Yuan dynasty (1279-1368), <i>wokou</i> (Japanese pirates) raided the coastal provinces of eastern China with increasing regularity. Despite suffering defeat in Shandong in 1363, raiding parties continued, pushing even farther south along the coast to Fujian Province.<br/><br/> The scroll in its entirety shows a party of Japanese pirates landing in a coastal community, scouting and raiding local residences, the flight of refugees, and the response of Ming troops who defend the area in a pitched battle on the water.
In the waning years of the Yuan dynasty (1279-1368), <i>wokou</i> (Japanese pirates) raided the coastal provinces of eastern China with increasing regularity. Despite suffering defeat in Shandong in 1363, raiding parties continued, pushing even farther south along the coast to Fujian Province.<br/><br/> The scroll in its entirety shows a party of Japanese pirates landing in a coastal community, scouting and raiding local residences, the flight of refugees, and the response of Ming troops who defend the area in a pitched battle on the water.